本文讲利用mysql源码安装mysql并用mysqld_multi配置多实例。
1、下载MySQL源码安装版本
到MySQL官网查找到相应版本下载，本文下载的是5.1版本代码如下:wget -c ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz
2、解压安装
代码如下:tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8--with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler--with-readline --with-big-tables--with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5 make && make install
3、添加用户和用户组
代码如下:groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组useradd -g mysql mysql #创建mysql用户并把它放到mysql组下chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件属性
4、初始化数据目录
代码如下:#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db#初始化四个数据目录mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql#修改属性chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3 chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4
5、配置多实例启动脚本
从MySQL的源码中把复制到/etc/init.d/目录下代码如下:cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server#修改basedir和bindir为安装路径basedir=/usr/local/mysql bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
6、配置多实例数据库配置文件
用mysqld_multi工具查看该配置文件的模板方法，命令为：mysqld_multi --example在/etc/目录下创建创建文件/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf，把mysqld_multi --example产生的文件粘进去，修改相应属性，如：mysqld,mysqladmin,socket,port,pid-file,datadir,user等。
代码如下:[mysqld_multi]mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin#user = mysql#password = my_password[mysqld1]socket = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock port = 3306 pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql1#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = mysql[mysqld2]socket = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock port = 3307 pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql2#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = mysql[mysqld3]socket = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock port = 3308 pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql3#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = mysql[mysqld4]socket = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock port = 3309 pid-file = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid datadir = /usr/local/var/mysql4#language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = mysql
7、启动多实例数据库
代码如下:将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH#查看数据库状态mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report#结果都为没有运行Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running#启动mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start#结果为Reporting MySQL servers MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running#启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等
8、查看运行结果
代码如下:#查看相应端口是否已经被监听netstat -tunlp#查看是否有活动进程ps -aux|grep mysql
9、登录相应数据库
代码如下:#进入端口为3306的数据库mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306#通过sock文件登录mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock#查看socket文件mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket';#查看pid文件mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';